DEVELOPMENT OF AN INTELLIGENT ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEM FOR CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE WITH PRIORITY ACCESS FOR EMERGENCY VEHICLES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56132/2791-3368-2026-2-66-180-203Keywords:
Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR), Intelligent Barrier System, Edge Computing, IoT-Based Access Control, Embedded Systems, Critical Infrastructure Security, Military Facilities, Autonomous Access Control, Vehicle Identification, Emergency Vehicle PriorityAbstract
This vehicle recognition access control device and Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) barrier uses autonomous operation validation for successful anticipated function within such an innovative prototype for future smart city and critical infrastructure developments, where access control is preferred as a decentralized effort without non-centralized solutions. Therefore, the vehicle recognition access control device operates through access control and novel functionality through ANPR (automatic number plate recognition) and embedded actuation through a local Raspberry Pi and ESP32 webservers, a combination of computer vision and IoT-driven device that runs both hardware and software on the same device. The proposed system can be applied at military facilities, critical infrastructure sites, healthcare institutions, and other restricted-access areas where rapid and reliable vehicle identification is required. Its decentralized architecture enhances operational resilience and ensures reliable operation under limited network connectivity. Finally, testing confirmed anticipated operational levels as it confirmed that string-level recognition functionality was successfully recognized at a 94.6% accuracy. However, since one license plate recognized was considered one time recognized for one subject, the average latency of speed of recognition was 73 seconds. In addition, functional intention received anticipated findings based on real-world situations, operating 1 second after the recognition time. Secondary testing confirmed that the device had been unplugged (for a time) from the internet. The input and output secured themselves in position at the designated entry point. This supports intentions for stability in decentralized function. Ultimately, these findings support the feasibility of the developed prototype for smart city applications, military facilities, and critical infrastructure environments where reliable decentralized access control is required.
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