The article examines the topical issues of border security in the context of the transit and transport potential of Central Asian countries in the context of globalization and regional changes. The authors draw attention to the strategic position of Central Asia as a crossroads of key transport routes, emphasizing the importance of effective border management to ensure not only national security, but also stability in international economic relations. The article analyzes the impact of the development of transport infrastructure on the economic development of the region and the need to strengthen measures to protect against cross-border threats.